Electronics tutorials including microcontroller, microprocessor, programing and circuits. Intended for beginners, electronics hobbyists, college students, professionals and educational purposes.

Interfacing LCD with Atmega32 Microcontroller using Atmel Studio

As we all know LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) is an electronic display which is commonly used nowadays in applications such as calculators, laptops, tablets, mobile phones etc. 16x2 character LCD module is a very basic module which is commonly used by electronic hobbyists and is used in many electronic devices and project. It can display 2 lines of 16 character and each character is displayed using 5x7 or 5x10 pixel matrix. 16x2 Character LCD Interfacing 16x2 LCD with Atmega32 Atmel AVR Microcontroller using Atmel...

Signal Generation in MATLAB

Here I’m going to show you how signals can be generated in MATLAB. If you are a newbie in this field, have a look at our MATLAB tutorials to get familiar with it. Plotting of Discrete and Continuous signal The 2 main functions for plotting are plot() function - For plotting Continuous signal stem() function - For plotting Discrete signal stem() - 2-D plot function for plotting discrete sequence of data SYNTAX : stem(y) - Plots the data sequence y specified equally spaced along x axis stem(x,y) - Plots x...

Interfacing Stepper Motor with 8051 using Keil C – AT89C51

Stepper Motor A Stepper Motor is a brushless, synchronous DC Motor. It has many applications in the field of robotics and mechatronics. The total rotation of the motor is divided into steps. The angle of a single step is known as the stepper angle of the motor. There are two types of stepper motors Unipolar and Bipolar. Due to the ease of operation unipolar stepper motor is commonly used by electronics hobbyists. For more details please read the article Stepper Motor or Step Motor. Stepper...

Introduction to 2D Plotting in MATLAB

MATLAB not only helps us for calculation but also helps us in data analysis and visualization by plotting graphs and waveforms. It provides us with a 'big picture' of our data. Here I'm going to discuss about the 2D plotting in MATLAB. If you haven't yet started with MATLAB please goto our Matlab Tutorials. Plotting Using fplot() fplot() : It is used to plot between the specified limits. The function must be of the form y=f(x), where x is a vector whose specifies the limits, and y is...

Using Push Button Switch with Atmega32 and Atmel Studio

Push Button Switch This tutorial is meant for beginners in the field of Atmel AVR programming. I hope that you already read my first tutorial Blinking LED using Atmega32 and Atmel Studio. In most of the embedded electronic projects you may want to use a push button switch to give user inputs to the microcontroller. To use a push button switch with a microcontroller, first you should configure the corresponding pin as input. Then we can easily read the status of...

Interfacing DC Motor with 8051 using L293D – AT89C51

In some of the electronics projects you may want to control a DC Motor with 8051 microcontroller. The maximum current that can be sourced or sunk from a 8051 microcontroller is 15 mA at 5v. But a DC Motor need currents very much more than that and it need voltages 6v, 12v, 24v etc, depending upon the type of motor used. Another problem is that the back emf produced by the motor may affect the proper functioning of the microcontroller. Due to these reasons we...

Introduction to Vectors and Matrices in Matlab

As you know Matlab is the short form of Matrix Laboratory. As its name indicates, Matlab makes matrix and vector operations very easy. I am writing this tutorial on the assumption that you are familiar with Matlab, if not please goto the first tutorial. Creating Row Matrix or Row Vector Let's start with a simple example for creating a row vector or row matrix with elements 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and is assigned to a variable name A. >> A = [1...

Pulse Width Modulation : PWM using Arduino

PWM using Arduino Pulse Width Modulation or PWM is a method of Digital to Analog Conversion. It helps in delivering analog average voltage using digital pulses of variable pulse width. By controlling the on time and off time, we can generate an analog average voltage using the digital pulses. PWM has a wide range of application. It is used in DC motor speed control, Brightness control of LED lamps etc. Here in this simple experiment to understand the PWM working in ARDUINO, we...

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