Electronics tutorials including microcontroller, microprocessor, programing and circuits. Intended for beginners, electronics hobbyists, college students, professionals and educational purposes.

EasyEDA – A Cloud based PCB Design Software

Cloud computing is an internet based computing which relies on sharing computer resources. It enables us to use computer resources or processing power as a utility similar to using electricity. So we don't need to make big computer infrastructure in our building, just use the cloud resources whenever there is a need. Nowadays everything become cloud computing, like cloud storage, word processing, business analytics etc. What is the role of cloud computing in electronics ? The question ends here, EasyEDA. It...

I²C Communication with PIC Microcontroller – MPLAB XC8

I2C or IIC or I2C stands for Inter-Integrated Circuit. It is a very popular multi-master, multi-slave serial communication interface developed by Philips. I2C uses two bidirectional open drain data lines, Serial Data (SDA) and Serial Clock (SCL) with pull up resistors as shown below. Unlike UART, you can connect and communicate to multiple devices using the same I2C bus. I2C Communication I2C is a master slave protocol. It means that devices connected to I2C bus will be either master or slave. The master is the...

Using ADC of PIC Microcontroller – MPLAB XC8

In this tutorial we will learn, how to use the ADC module of a PIC Microcontroller using MPLAB XC8 compiler. For demonstration we will use the commonly available PIC 16F877A microcontroller. Every physical quantity found in nature like temperature, humidity, pressure, force is analog. We need to convert these analog quantities to digital to process it using a digital computer or a microcontroller. This is done by using Analog to Digital Converters. An Analog to Digital Converter or ADC is a device...

Generating PWM with PIC Microcontroller – MPLAB XC8

Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) is the one of the simple and most commonly used technique to produce analog voltages from digital signals. It has a wide variety of applications such as Digital to Analog Converter (DAC), DC Motor Speed Control, Sine Wave Inverters, Brightness control etc. PWM signals are ON - OFF signals (HIGH or LOW) (hence the name Pulse) whose HIGH or ON duration is changed (hence Width Modulation) in accordance with our requirements. The fraction of time period for...

Getting Started with DipTrace

DipTrace is a software that allows you to create simple and complex Printed Circuit Boards from schematic diagrams to layouts. It is a user friendly EDA software. We recommend this for electronics hobbyists, as it is a freeware allows us to design single layer and double layer PCBs upto 300 pins. You can purchase its paid version if you need more layers/pins. If you are a beginner to PCB designing, you should be familiar with following terms before going to pcb designing. ...

Interfacing EM-18 RFID reader with Arduino Uno

Arduino Uno is an opensource physical computing platform based on ATmega328 microcontroller and provides a development environment for writing software for the board. It can be used for a variety of projects. EM-18 RFID reader is one of the commonly used RFID reader to read 125KHz tags. It features low cost, low power consumption, small form factor and easy to use. It provides both UART and Wiegand26 output formats. It can be directly interfaced with microcontrollers using UART and with PC using an...

Interfacing DS18B20 Temperature sensor with Raspberry Pi

DS18B20 is a commonly used temperature temperature sensor providing 9 bit to 12 bit digital Celsius temperature measurements. The sensor communicates over one wire bus. Each sensor has a 64 bit serial code enabling multiple sensors to be connected to the same one wire bus. The Raspberry Pi has drivers for one wired devices to be connected to GPIO pin-4 by default. 1-wire is a device communication data bus system developed by Dallas semiconductor providing low speed data, signalling and power...

Access Raspberry Pi directly from Windows PC

Usually beginners require a display, keyboard and mouse for using Raspberry Pi. But being a linux based system, the Pi can be accessed through a variety of methods like SSH (check our Raspberry Pi SSH tutorial), VNC (check our Raspberry Pi VNC tutorial) etc.. But these methods require an already existing network consisting of a router or other network devices. It would be easier to directly connect the Pi to the computer and work with it without any additional hardwares like router. But...

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